What is Osteoarthritis?
Broadly speaking, arthritis is generally classified into two main types: inflammatory (such as rheumatoid arthritis), or the more common degenerative form, known as osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis (OA) involves the deterioration of joint cartilage. It can sometimes develop after an injury—like an ACL tear—but more often, is influenced by a combination of ageing, genetics, and lifestyle factors.
While mild osteoarthritis is a natural part of ageing, persistent joint pain should not be ignored—particularly if it starts to restrict your daily quality of life or activity levels. Although resting a painful joint may seem like the logical approach, continuing to engage in modified physical activity is a crucial part of effective management. Pain relief is important, but the most successful treatment plans take a multidisciplinary approach—aimed at slowing OA progression, improving function, and keeping you moving well.
What are my treatment options?
While joint replacement can be effective for advanced OA, many non-surgical treatments should be considered before reaching this stage—particularly for individuals in the early stages of OA, or those deemed too young for a joint replacement.
There are various types of osteoarthritis, and factors like the location of cartilage wear, degree of inflammation, bone oedema, and other factors can help determine which treatment options may be more appropriate and effective for you. Options may involve a combination of the following:
Advanced OA can often be successfully treated through a joint replacement, however there are several options one should consider before reaching this stage. For individuals in the early stages of OA, or those deemed too young for a joint replacement, non-surgical options should be considered as the first treatment option. This may involve a combination of the following:
- Guided Exercise: Regular and appropriate physical activity is as effective as or superior to anti-inflammatory medication.
- Weight Loss: Both decreasing risk and progression of OA, along with significant pain reduction.
- Podiatry
- Medication and supplementation options including certain anti-inflammatories
- Injection therapies
- Cortisone
- Viscosupplementation / hyaluronic gel
- Platelet Rich Plasma
- Pentosan
- Radiofrequency denervation / Rhizolysis
Exercise and cardiovascular fitness are vital for overall health, quality of life, and mental well-being (see “Exercise & Smokeadiabesity” PDF below). Given this, OA pain should not be taken lightly or ignored—especially if it starts to restrict your ability to move.
While we are all forced to eventually modify activities, staying active is essential. Many people with OA are aware of the need for exercise and anti-inflammatory medications as first-line treatments, but fewer are aware of other options that can support joint health, reduce pain, and help to keep you moving.
If you would like to explore which options may be most suitable for managing your OA, we’d be happy to discuss with you via appointment. Additional resources on this topic can be accessed via the links below.