Osteoarthritis Treatment Options
Broadly, arthritis can be categorised as either inflammatory (such as rheumatoid), or, as more frequently seen, degenerative, known as osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis (OA) involves the deterioration of joint cartilage, occasionally resulting from injuries such as an ACL, but more commonly is influenced by a combination of ageing, genetic factors, and lifestyle choices. While OA can impact any joint, the knee and hip are frequently the most problematic areas, often limiting activity and quality of life.
While experiencing some degree of OA is a normal part of the ageing process, ongoing knee or hip pain should not be dismissed, particularly if it begins to restrict your daily life and activity levels.
Although rest may seem like a logical approach when a joint is painful, continuing to engage in some modified physical activity is a crucial aspect of effective treatment. While pain relief is crucial, adopting a multidisciplinary approach is essential to not only reduce the progression of OA, but also enhance overall function, quality of life, and health.
Advanced OA can often be successfully treated through a joint replacement, however there are several options one should consider before reaching this stage. For individuals in the early stages of OA, or those deemed too young for a joint replacement, non-surgical options should be considered as the first treatment option. This may involve a combination of the following:
- Guided Exercise: Regular and appropriate physical activity is as effective as or superior to anti-inflammatory medication.
- Weight Loss: Both decreasing risk and progression of OA, along with significant pain reduction.
- Podiatry
- Medication and supplementation options
- Injection therapies
- Cortisone
- Viscosupplementation
- Platelet Rich Plasma
- Pentosan
- Radiofrequency denervation
- Prolotherapy
While exercise and weight management is a key OA management focus, facilitating this by reducing pain and progression of OA with the above interventions may occasionally be required. Quality of life and keeping you moving is integral.